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小麦农家品种赤壳(苏1900)对当前我国小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis Westend.f.sp.tritici)多个流行小种均有较好抗性。遗传分析表明,该品种对条中32号小种的抗性是由一对显性基因控制。本文采用分离群体分析法(bulked segregant analysis,BSA)和微卫星多态性分析方法,对该基因进行了分子标记和定位研究。用Taichung29×赤壳的F2代分离群体建立抗、感DNA池,共筛选了400多对SSR引物,发现5个标记Xwmc44、Xgwm259、Xwmc367、Xcfa2292、Xbarc80在抗、感DNA池间与在抗、感亲本间同样具有多态性,它们均位于1BL染色体臂上。经用具有140株抗病株、60株感病株共200株植株的F2代分离群体进行的遗传连锁性检测,上述5个标记均与目的基因相连锁,遗传距离分别为8.3cM、9.1cM、17.2cM、20.6cM和31.6cM。用全套21个中国春缺-四体材料进行的检测进一步证实了这5个SSR标记均位于小麦1B染色体上。综合上述结果,将赤壳中的主效抗条锈病基因YrChk定位在1BL染色体臂上。与以前已定位于1B染色体上的抗条锈病基因的比较研究表明,YrChk基因可能是一个新的抗条锈病基因。小麦农家品种中抗病基因资源的发掘和利用将有助于提高我国小麦生产品种中的抗病基因丰富度,有助于改善长期以来小麦生产品种中抗病基因单一化的局面。
The red peasant breed (Su 1900) has good resistance to many endemic races of Puccinia striiformis (Westend.f.sp.tritici) in our country. Genetic analysis showed that the resistance of this variety to race 32 was controlled by a pair of dominant genes. In this study, molecular marker and mapping of this gene were carried out by using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and microsatellite polymorphism analysis. A total of more than 400 pairs of SSR primers were screened from F2 populations of Taichung29 × red-shelled plants. Five markers Xwmc44, Xgwm259, Xwmc367, Xcfa2292 and Xbarc80 were found in the resistant and susceptible DNA pools. Sense of the same parents have polymorphisms, they are located in the 1BL chromosome arm. Genetic linkage analysis was carried out on F2 population of 200 plants with 140 resistant lines and 60 susceptible lines. The above five markers were linked to the target gene with genetic distances of 8.3cM and 9.1cM , 17.2 cM, 20.6 cM and 31.6 cM. A full set of 21 Chinese spring lack of - four material testing further confirmed that these five SSR markers are located on the wheat 1B chromosome. Based on the above results, YrChk, a major stripe rust resistance gene in the red shell, was located on the 1BL chromosome arm. Compared with the stripe rust resistance genes previously mapped on chromosome 1B, the YrChk gene may be a new stripe rust resistance gene. The discovery and utilization of disease resistance genes in wheat cultivars will help to improve the richness of disease-resistance genes in wheat cultivars and to improve the single disease-resistance genes in wheat cultivars.