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建立自然保护区是进行生物多样性保护和生态系统功能恢复的最重要措施之一,如何有效管理自然保护区是当前自然保护区决策者、社区居民和研究者共同关注的问题。利用文献调研法、问卷调查法和数理统计法等,对福建省漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区管理中的利益相关者进行分析,从生态、经济和社会价值角度探讨该保护区的公共管理。研究结果显示,可以将漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区管理中的利益相关者划分为确定型、预期型和潜在型;其中,确定型利益相关者为政府、当地社区、非政府组织、企业与旅游公司,其对该保护区管理具有重要作用;政府关注生态价值,当地社区关注经济价值,非政府组织关注社会价值,企业与旅游公司关注经济价值。根据保护区管理中的利益相关者分析结果,对漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区具有的生态价值、经济价值和社会价值进行分类管理,构建合理的公共管理模式。
Establishing a nature reserve is one of the most important measures for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration. How to effectively manage a nature reserve is a common concern of policy makers, community residents and researchers in nature reserves at present. This paper analyzes the stakeholders in the management of Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve in Fujian Province by means of literature research, questionnaire and mathematical statistics, and discusses the public management of the nature reserve, ecological and social values . The results show that stakeholders in the management of Zhangjiangkou mangrove national nature reserve can be divided into definite type, expected type and potential type. Among them, the identified type of stakeholders are government, local communities, non-governmental organizations, enterprises And tourism companies, which play an important role in the management of the reserve. The government pays attention to the ecological value, the local community pays attention to the economic value, the non-governmental organization pays attention to the social value and the enterprise and the travel company pay attention to the economic value. According to the results of stakeholder analysis in the management of protected areas, the ecological value, economic value and social value of Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve are classified and managed, and a reasonable public management mode is established.