论文部分内容阅读
目的调查评估青岛市高中学生结核病防治健康教育效果,为开展学校结核病防治健康教育提供参考依据。方法整群随机抽样6所高中学校,在入学新生24个班开展结核病防治常规健康教育,采用自行设计结核病调查问卷,评估健康教育前后学生结核病相关知识、态度、获取方式途径和心理需求水平。结果人群核心信息总知晓率由干预前的59.65%提高到干预后的90.87%,肺结核的传播途径、主要症状、治疗单位、免费政策、愈后的知晓率分别由干预前的79.12%、57.04%、48.05%、42.75%和71.27%提高到干预后的94.02%、90.57%、86.35%、89.02%和94.37%;正性态度及正性行为方面,对待患有肺结核病同学的正确态度总持有率由干预前的28.71%提高到干预后的85.71%,其中建议患者隔离治疗、能正确对待患者及愿意督导患者的分别由干预前的33.12%、28.03%和24.98%提高到干预后的87.05%、84.73%和85.36%;干预前学生接受结核病知识的主要途径为电视、报纸等媒体,干预后学生需求的健康教育方式主要是健康教育课、现场宣传活动等。结论学校开展常规结核病健康教育是有效的和可行的。
Objective To investigate and evaluate the effect of health education on tuberculosis prevention and control among senior high school students in Qingdao and provide reference for carrying out health education on tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods The cluster was randomly sampled from 6 high schools and routine health education on prevention and control of tuberculosis in 24 classes of freshmen. The self-designed questionnaire was used to assess the TB knowledge, attitudes, ways and psychological needs of students before and after health education. Results The total awareness rate of core information of the population increased from 59.65% before intervention to 90.87% after intervention. The transmission routes of tuberculosis, main symptoms, treatment units, free policies and the awareness rate of post-intervention were respectively 79.12%, 57.04% , 48.05%, 42.75% and 71.27% to 94.02%, 90.57%, 86.35%, 89.02% and 94.37% after intervention respectively. The correct attitudes toward students with tuberculosis in positive attitude and positive behavior always hold From 28.71% before intervention to 85.71% after intervention.It was suggested that the patients treated with isolation, the patients treated correctly and the patients willing to be monitored should be improved from 33.12%, 28.03% and 24.98% before intervention to 87.05% , 84.73% and 85.36%, respectively. Before the intervention, the main ways for students to receive TB knowledge were television and newspapers, and the health education needs of students after intervention were mainly health education classes and on-site publicity activities. Conclusion It is effective and feasible for schools to carry out routine TB health education.