In this study, the effects of pre-carburization of catalyst, hydrogen addition to methane feed and the space velocity of methane on the catalytic performance in methane to benzene (MTB) reaction were discussed in detail over Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst at 1023 K and 0.3 MPa. Compared with the non-pre- carburized catalyst, the Mo catalyst pre-carburized under the flow of CH4+4H2 at 973 K was found to have the higher activity and better stability. Further 6% H2 addition to the methane feed suppressed the aromatic type of coke formation effectively, and improved the stability of catalyst markedly, moreover gave a much longer reaction life of catalyst (53 h at 1023 K and 5400 ml/(g·h)) and much more forma- tion amounts of benzene and hydrogen. With increase of methane space velocity, both the naphthalene formation selectivity and the coke formation selectivity were decreased by the shortened contact time; the benzene formation selectivity and total formation amount before the complete deactivation of catalyst were increased markedly, while the total naphthalene and coke formation amounts did not change much. At high methane space velocity ( 5400 ml/(g·h)), a new middle temperature coke derived from the high temperature aromatic coke was formed on the catalyst; all the coke formed could be burnt off at lower temperature in oxygen, compared with those obtained at low space velocity. Considering the benzene for- mation amount and catalyst stability together, 5400 ml/(g·h) was proved to be the most efficient methane space velocity for benzene production. In this study, the effects of pre-carburization of catalyst, hydrogen addition to methane feed and the space velocity of methane on the catalytic performance in methane to benzene (MTB) reaction were discussed in detail over Mo / HZSM-5 catalyst at 1023 K and 0.3 MPa. Compared with the non-pre-carburized catalyst, the Mo catalyst pre-carburized under the flow of CH4 + 4H2 at 973 K was found to have the higher activity and better stability. Further 6% H2 addition to the methane feed suppressed the aromatic type of coke formation effectively, and improved the stability of catalyst markedly, moreover gave a much longer reaction life of catalyst (53 h at 1023 K and 5400 ml / (g · h)) and much more forma tion of of benzene with hydrogen. With increase of methane space velocity, both the naphthalene formation selectivity and the coke formation selectivity were decreased by the shortened contact time; the benzene formation selectivity and total formation amount before the complete deactivation At high methane space velocity (5400 ml / (g · h)), a new middle temperature coke derived from the high temperature aromatic coke was formed on the catalyst; all the coke formed could be burnt off at lower temperature in oxygen, compared with those obtained at low space velocity. Considering the benzene for- mation amount and catalyst stability together, 5400 ml / (g · h) was proved to be the most efficient methane space velocity for benzene production.