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以往基于语料库方法的法律语言研究多为单维度的质性分析,即通过检索关键词、搭配等的频率来识别某一语言使用变体中特别频繁或罕见的语言程式及其分布概率。近年来,语料库方法和统计方法的进一步结合使得对法律语言的多维度量化描述和直观呈现成为可能。通过多维度/多因素方法可以对法律语言在不同语域/语类之间的区别性参数进行系统的描述,而在线整合式语料库语言学软件环境Wmatrix可以自动提取书面法律语言的语义域并直观展示。通过介绍法律研究中主要语料库工具的功能和主要的法律研究语料库,讨论语料库应用于法律语言研究的主要领域,指出目前语料库语言学方法应用于法律语言研究所面临的挑战和机遇。
In the past, the study of legal language based on corpus method was mostly one-dimensional qualitative analysis, that is, by searching the frequencies of key words, collocations, etc., to identify the language programs that are particularly frequent or rare in a language use variant and their distribution probabilities. In recent years, the further combination of corpus method and statistical method has made it possible to describe and visualize the multi-dimensional quantification of legal language. The multidimensional / multifactorial approach allows for a systematic description of the distinctive parameters of legal languages in different register / language categories, whereas Wmatrix, an online integrated corpus linguistic software environment, automatically extracts the semantic domain of written legal language and is intuitive Show By introducing the functions of major corpus tools in legal research and major corpora of legal research, this paper discusses the main areas in which corpora is applied to legal language research and points out the challenges and opportunities confronting the current corpus linguistic approach to legal language research.