论文部分内容阅读
我国是世界上海岸线最长的国家之一,特殊的自然地理条件和经济发展历史,客观地形成了国内沿海和内河两大港口体系。而在众多沿海港口中,则从南到北历史地形成了广州、上海、青岛、天津、大连五个中心枢纽港口,其泊位总数占全国沿海港口总泊位数的38％左右,其中万吨级以上深水泊位数、完成货物吞吐量和国际集装箱运量均占总量的55％以上,是我国发展国际贸易的基本支柱,并在世界上具有比较广泛的联系和重要的政治经济影响。由于我国当前的港口密度及其规模与能力等都远远落后于众多发达国家和地区,而国家对港口建设的投入不足,又致使这一状况很难在较短时期内得到根本性扭转。从我国基本国情和现有经济实力出发,全面发展港口建设的时机尚不成熟,一哄而起则只会造成严重的内耗和相互的制约。因此,从国民经济宏观调控的角度,认真研究我国沿海港口现状和中心枢纽港口的布局与分工,从而合理确定基础设施和资金的重点投入,优化资源配置,促进我国交通运输市场体系的建立、健全与健康发展,具有重要的现实意义和深远的战略影响。 本文旨在说明此项研究的一般原则的基础上,重点论述关于天津港的地位及其发展方向上的几个问题,并以此与同行们共商。 一、研究中心港口布局和分工应考虑的基本点 1、港口功能的?
As one of the countries with the longest coastline in the world, our country has a special history of natural and geographical conditions and economic development, and objectively formed the two major port systems of coastal areas and inland rivers in China. Among the many coastal ports, five central hub ports of Guangzhou, Shanghai, Qingdao, Tianjin and Dalian are formed historically from south to north. The total number of berths accounts for about 38% of the total berths of the national coastal ports, of which 10,000-ton The above number of deep-water berths, the completion of cargo throughput and the international container traffic account for more than 55% of the total. These are the basic pillars for the development of international trade in our country and have relatively extensive connections and important political and economic impact in the world. As China’s current port density and its size and capability are far behind many developed countries and regions, and the country’s lack of investment in port construction, which in turn makes it difficult for this situation to be fundamentally reversed in a relatively short period of time. Starting from the basic national conditions in our country and the existing economic strength, the time is not yet ripe for the comprehensive development of the port construction. If we rush into mass production, it will only result in serious internal friction and mutual restraint. Therefore, from the perspective of the macroeconomic regulation and control of the national economy, we should conscientiously study the status quo of the coastal ports in our country and the layout and division of labor in the central hub port, so as to reasonably determine the key investments in infrastructure and funds, optimize the allocation of resources, and promote the establishment and soundness of China’s transportation market system With the healthy development, it has important practical significance and far-reaching strategic implications. Based on the general principles of this study, this article focuses on several issues on the status of Tianjin Port and its direction of development, and in this way, we discuss with our colleagues. First, the research center of the port layout and division of labor should consider the basic points 1, the port function?