目的了解国家第五次卫生服务调查河南省城乡居民两周就诊率,并分析15岁及以上居民两周就诊的影响因素,为进一步优化卫生资源配置提供参考依据。方法运用分层整群随机抽样的方法,利用第五次国家卫生服务调查表,入户调查河南省居民家庭生活状况、人口学特征、两周病伤及就诊状况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析两周就诊的影响因素。结果河南省两周就诊率为11.7%,农村比城市高4.0%(x~2=127.213,P<0.05);随着年龄组的增高,城乡居民两周就诊率变化均呈先下降后上升趋势;无基本医疗保险的居民两周就诊率较低,为7.0%;两周患病首诊在基层卫生服务机构比例较大;农村居民因经济困难未就诊的比例比城市高3.1%(x~2=40.921,P<0.05);Logistic回归显示影响15岁及以上居民两周就诊的因素有城乡、年龄、就业状况、到最近医疗机构距离及是否为贫困户等。结论河南省农村卫生服务需求、利用较高,亟待提高城乡基本医疗保障服务均等化水平;相关部门应针对两周就诊的影响因素,采取有效措施提高卫生服务可及性。 Objective To understand the fifth national health service survey of two-week visiting rate of urban and rural residents in Henan Province, and to analyze the influential factors of two-week treatment for residents aged 15 and over, so as to provide reference for further optimizing the allocation of health resources. Methods Using the stratified cluster random sampling method, the fifth national health service questionnaire was used to investigate the living conditions, demographic characteristics, two weeks of ill health and medical treatment in Henan Province. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis Weekly treatment of factors. Results The two-week visiting rate was 11.7% in Henan Province and 4.0% in rural areas than in urban areas (x ~ 2 = 127.213, P <0.05). With the increase of age group, the two-week visiting rate of urban and rural residents decreased first and then increased ; Residents without basic medical insurance had a low rate of two visits at 7.0%; the proportion of primary health care institutions with two-week illness in the first visit was relatively large; the proportion of rural residents not in attendance due to financial hardship was 3.1% 2 = 40.921, P <0.05). Logistic regression showed that the factors influencing the two-week treatment of residents aged 15 years and older were urban-rural, age, employment status, the distance to the nearest medical institution and whether they were poor households. Conclusion The demand for rural health services in Henan Province is quite high, and the equalization of urban and rural basic medical services needs to be improved urgently. Relevant departments should take effective measures to improve the accessibility of health services according to the factors affecting the two-week visit.