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《1990年国际贸易术语解释通则》(简称《1990年通则》)是国际贸易惯例的核心,运用极为广泛。分清《1990年通则》中各个术语的性质,在国际贸易实务操作中非常重要。本文试就《1990年通则》中容易被误解和不易分清的E组和C组术语的性质作些辨析。 一、E组术语 《1990年通则》中E组仅有“工厂交货”(指定地点)一种术语,即英文EX-WORKS(……named place……)简称EXW。《1980通则》的“工厂交货”,系指卖方只负责在其所在地(即工厂或工场)将货物备妥。而《1990年通则》的工厂交货术语在表述上有所改变:“工厂交货”的含义是指卖方在其营业所在地(即工厂或仓库)将备妥的货物交付买方,以履行其交货义务。两者相比较,《1990年通则》增加了“向买方交货”(to the buyer)。那么EXW这一术语性质是否意味着改变呢?即卖方的备货义
The 1990 General Rules for the Interpretation of International Trade Terms (abbreviated as “1990 General Principles”) are the core of international trade practice and are used extensively. Distinguishing the nature of various terms in the 1990 General Regulations is very important in the practice of international trade practices. This article attempts to discriminate the nature of the E and C terms that are easily misunderstood and difficult to distinguish in the 1990 General Rules. I. E Group Terminology In the 1990 General Regulations, Group E only has the term “factory delivery” (designated place), which is the English EX-WORKS (...named place...) abbreviation EXW. The “factory delivery” of the “General Regulations of 1980” means that the seller is only responsible for the preparation of the goods at his location (ie factory or workshop). The term “factory delivery” of the “1990 General Principles” has been changed in the expression: “factory delivery” means that the seller delivers the prepared goods to the buyer at his place of business (ie, a factory or warehouse) to perform the delivery. Delivery obligations. Comparing the two, the “1990 General Rules” added “to the buyer”. So does the nature of the term EXW mean to change?