第一国际是继共产主义者同盟之后建立的国际性的无产阶级组织。第一国际是由各种社会主义派别组成的。国际初期,人数较多、影响较大的是英国的工联主义和法国的蒲鲁东主义,马克思主义只是其中一个人数不多的派别。当时,马克思主义者同各种非无产阶级社会主义派别究竟是处于一种什么样的关系?《简要读本》写道:“从国际成立之日起,马克思主义就同这些社会主义流派展开尖锐的斗争。”其意思就是说,马克思主义者同这些社会主义流派的关系从一开始就是势不两立的,而且是一斗到底。我们认为这种说法是值得商榷的。其实在第一国际前期,马克思主义者对这些派别的斗争,是采取既团结又斗争的灵活策略。 First International is an international proletarian organization established after the communist alliance. First International is made up of various socialist factions. In the early days of the international community, there were a large number of people. The most influential ones were the British trade unionism and the French Proudhonism, and Marxism was only one of the few factions. At that time, what kind of relationship was the Marxist with various non-proletarian socialist factions? “The summary reader wrote:” From the day of the founding of the Republic, Marxism began to work sharply with these socialist schools Struggle. "The implication is that the relationship between Marxists and these socialist schools has been irreconcilable from the very beginning, and it is a struggle to the end. We think this argument is debatable. In fact, in the first days of the first international period, the Marxist struggle against these factions is a flexible tactic that is both solidarity and struggle.