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碘是人体必需的微量元素，是甲状腺激素合成的重要物质，并通过甲状腺体现其生理功能。世界卫生组织（ WHO）推荐碘摄入量为90～150μg。随着全民食盐加碘的实施，人群碘营养水平发生了改变，不少沿海地区的居民碘摄入量大于WHO推荐摄入量，导致甲状腺疾病谱随之发生了改变。随着甲状腺疾病发病的明显上升，甲状腺癌的发病与碘过量的关系引起了广泛的关注。甲状腺癌相关性的细胞培养以及动物实验研究均显示，碘过量与甲状腺的发病率存在一定的相关性。“,”Iodine is an essential trace element,an important matter of thyroid hormone synthesis,and plays its physiological function through thyroid.World Health Organization ( WHO) recommended iodine intake of 90-150 μg.With the implementation of universal salt iodization, the iodine nutrition level is changed,since the iodine intake of many residents of coastal areas is greater than the WHO recommended amount, the thyroid disease spectrum is also changed .The relationship between the incidence of thyroid cancer with iodine excess has attracted wide attention .Thyroid cancer cell cultures and animal studies have shown that iodine excess and the incidence of thyroid disease has a certain correlation .