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一、引言 光纤通信的问世使光子成为信息传输的主要载体，其巨大的信息容量使信息传送的成本２０年来下降了１０ ０００倍。据报道，全球光纤的铺设速度达到每小时２ ０００ｋｍ；光纤的传输带宽达到５０ＴＨｚ；单波长信号速率达到４０Ｇｂｉｔ／ｓ；单个光纤的传输容量已达到
I. INTRODUCTION The advent of optical fiber communication has made photon the main carrier of information transmission. Its huge information capacity has reduced the cost of information transmission by 10 000 times in 20 years. It is reported that the global fiber laying speed of 2 000 km per hour; optical fiber transmission bandwidth up to 50THz; single-wavelength signal rate of 40Gbit / s; a single optical fiber transmission capacity has reached