论文部分内容阅读
采用双回交试验设计系统研究了水稻６个根系性状的遗传。结果表明：各性状表现为数量遗传，只受细胞核基因控制。６个性状的加性效应及显性效应均达显著以上统计水平，其中平均根长、根数、根基粗的加性率较高达４０％左右。上位性效应对各性状尤其是根重、根中粗具有不可忽视的影响，其中又以加性×加性、显性×显性的贡献较大，只有平均根长符合加性一显性模型。各性状的显性及上位性效应值基本上均为正值。因而既可以利用各根系性状的正向杂种优势，也可以选育根系发达的纯系品种。６个性状中平均根长、根数、根基粗的狭义遗传力在５５％上下，育种中的选择效果比较好；根中粗、最长根长、根重的狭义遗传力为４０％左右，利用杂种优势的潜力比较大，选育纯系品种的育种方案中应在较高世代选择为宜。
The inheritance of six root traits in rice was studied by double backcross design. The results showed that all traits were quantitatively inherited and controlled only by nuclear genes. The additive and dominance effects of the six traits all reached significant statistical levels above, of which the average of root length, root number and root thickness were as high as 40%. The epistatic effects had a significant impact on the traits, especially the root weight and the root diameter. Among them, the contribution of the epistatic effect to the traits was additive x additive and dominant x dominant, and only the average root length accorded with the additive-dominance model . The dominant and epistatic effects of each trait are basically positive. Therefore, both the positive traits of root traits can be utilized, and pure lines with well-developed roots can also be selected. The narrow root heritability of average root length, root number and root thickness of the six traits was 55%, and the selection effect in breeding was better. The narrow heritability of the root, root length and root weight was about 40% The potential for utilization of heterosis is relatively high, breeding programs of breeding pure lines should be selected at a higher generation.