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解决我国科技与经济相脱节、发展产业和增强综合国力的一项战略方针和根本举措,在于建立企业(工业界)主体型科学技术体制。这是我国科技体制改革和研究与发展(R&D)组织体系调整的基本门标和任务,也是中国经济改革与发展的基本方略和措施。 一、历史渊源和两种科技体制的产生 原苏联的创始者们非常赞赏自由资本主义和垄断资本主义过渡时出现的托拉斯等垄断组织形式,认为资本主
A strategic policy and fundamental measure for resolving the issue of China’s science and technology being out of phase with the economy, developing industries and enhancing overall national strength lay in establishing a subjective scientific and technological system for enterprises (industries). This is the basic goal and task for the restructuring of our scientific and technological system and for the R & D system. It is also the basic strategy and measure for China’s economic reform and development. I. History and Origins of Two S & T Systems The founders of the former Soviet Union greatly appreciated the forms of monopolies such as trusts that occurred during the transition of free capitalism and monopoly capitalism. They believed that capitalists