论文部分内容阅读
提高籽粒蛋白质含量是小麦改良育种的一个重要目标.作者等人1988年曾著文说明,冬小麦抽穗期穗部、花序梗及旗叶的蛋白质含量之综合值可作为估测籽粒蛋白质含量的较理想的参数.本研究的目的是根据上述研究结果利用间接选择方案以改良籽粒蛋白质含量,同时研究上述作物器官中蛋白质含量之遗传力.供试材料为由4个亲本双杂交产生的群体中随机抽取的2个群体.两年试验中将F_2产生的60个随机F_5和F_6品系按完全随机区组设计种植,3个重复.测定结果认为F_5及F_6代两供试群体的籽粒产量、籽粒蛋白质含量及营养体蛋白质含量的差异是显著的.籽粒蛋白与营养体蛋白含量之间在基因型及表现型方面呈高度相关并趋一致.应用组件差异法对蛋白质含量的狭义遗传力进行评估,在群体1中,第2叶(从顶部数,下同)及穗部的遗传力达O.46-O.94;在群体2中,花序梗及穗部的遗传力达O.63-O.89.群体1及群体2的籽粒蛋白含量估测值与观测值相关系数分别为0.50-0.88及0.37-0.84,抽穗期综合考虑穗部、花序梗及旗叶蛋白含量所得到的这种相关系数最高.植株不同部位蛋白质含量与籽粒产量相关性极小.利用抽穗期植株营养体较高蛋白质含量的遗传力,可在授粉前鉴别具较高籽粒蛋白含量的基因型品种.在其他育种过程中,也观察到通过穗部、花序梗及旗叶蛋白含量的间接选择,可提高籽粒蛋白含量,但不降低籽粒产量.
Increasing the grain protein content is an important goal of improved wheat breeding.According to the author’s previous works in 1988, the integrated value of the protein content of ear, peduncrion and flag leaf at the heading stage of winter wheat can be used as the ideal index to estimate the grain protein content .The purpose of this study is to use the indirect selection scheme based on the above results to improve the grain protein content and to study the heritability of the protein content in the above crop organs.The test materials were randomly selected from a population of four parents two- Two random populations of 60 random F_5 and F_6 strains generated by F_2 were planted in a completely randomized block design with three replicates.The results showed that grain yield and grain protein content of the two test groups F_5 and F_6 And protein content of vegetative body is significant.The relationship between the protein content of vegetative and vegetative body is highly correlated and consistent in terms of genotype and phenotype.The method of component differentiation is used to evaluate the narrow sense heritability of protein content, 1, the second leaf (from the top, the same below) and spike heritability of O.46-O.94; in group 2, peduncle and spike Up to O.63-O.89. The correlations between the estimated and observed values of grain protein content in population 1 and population 2 were 0.50-0.88 and 0.37-0.84, respectively. The heading date, peduncle and flag leaf protein Content of the highest correlation coefficient obtained.The different parts of the plant protein content and grain yield is extremely small.Use of heading date vegetative body of the higher protein content of the heritability can be identified before pollination with higher grain protein content of the gene Type.In the other breeding process, it was also observed that the grain protein content could be increased by indirect selection of panicle, peduncle and flag leaf protein content, but did not reduce the grain yield.