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目的了解遵义市农村学龄儿童烧烫伤现状及干预效果,为制定预防策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样法抽取遵义市农村学龄儿童作为调查对象,并采用自制问卷调查近1 a的烧烫伤情况。结果共调查1 503名学龄儿童,男、女比例为1.06∶1,烧烫伤发生率为3.79%,男童(1.60%)略低于女童(2.20%)(χ2=2.12,P=0.145);留守(2.33%)略高于非留守(1.46%)(χ2=0.39,P=0.535);不同性格儿童烧烫伤的发生率,以中间型性格为高(1.53%)(χ2=8.41,P=0.015);监护人文化程度越高,烧烫伤发生率越低(χ2=7.39,P=0.025)。发生部位前3位依次是上肢(61.40%)、下肢(26.32%)、躯干(7.02%);治疗费用以100元以下(57.89%)居多。干预前,干预组与对照组间烧烫伤发生率差异无统计学意义(3.76%,3.35%,χ2=0.20,P=0.652);干预后,干预组(2.73%)与对照组(5.14%)比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.91,P=0.015)。结论儿童烧烫伤发生率较高,性格和监护人文化程度是儿童发生烧烫伤的影响因素。提供针对性的综合干预措施可减少儿童烧烫伤的发生。
Objective To understand the current situation and intervention effects of burns and burns among school-age children in rural Zunyi and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment strategies. Methods The multi-stage random sampling method was used to survey rural school-age children in Zunyi city. Results A total of 1,503 school - age children were surveyed. The male / female ratio was 1.06: 1, the incidence of burns and burns was 3.79%, that of boys (1.60%) was slightly lower than that of girls (χ2 = 2.12, P = 0.145) (2.33%) were slightly higher than those who did not stay (1.46%) (χ2 = 0.39, P = 0.535). The incidence of burns in children with different personality types was higher (1.53% 0.015). The higher the guardian’s educational level, the lower the incidence of burns (χ2 = 7.39, P = 0.025). The top three sites were upper limbs (61.40%), lower limbs (26.32%) and trunk (7.02%). The cost of treatment was less than 100 yuan (57.89%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of burns between the intervention group and the control group before intervention (3.76%, 3.35%, χ2 = 0.20, P = 0.652). After the intervention, the intervention group (2.73%) and the control group The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 5.91, P = 0.015). Conclusion The incidence of burns and scald in children is high, and the personality and guardian’s educational level are the influencing factors of children’s burns and scalds. Targeted and comprehensive interventions can reduce the incidence of burns and burns in children.