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应当从《资本论》本身的批判逻辑这一内在视角出发,研究历史唯物主义的发展。在资本逻辑批判这一总问题的统摄下,《资本论》深化和发展了历史唯物主义所具有的物质性与社会性、主体性与客体性、普遍性与特殊性的内在张力。这三种张力既是马克思主义发展史上的争论焦点,又是深刻理解马克思主义的思想质点,并进一步构成了马克思主义当代创新的理论生长点。在马克思主义发展史上,历史唯物主义的内在张力曾经被消解而导致理论的蜕变。发掘和激活《资本论》历史唯物主义思想的内在张力,对于科学理解中国道路的世界历史意义、全面发展21世纪中国的马克思主义具有重要意义。
The development of historical materialism should be studied from the perspective of criticism of Capital itself. Under the general criticism of capital logic, the “capital theory” deepens and develops the inherent tension of materialism and sociality, subjectivity and objectivity, universality and particularity possessed by historical materialism. These three kinds of tension are not only the focus of debate in the history of the development of Marxism but also the essence of the Marxist understanding of Marxism and further constitute the theoretical growing point of Marxist contemporary innovation. In the history of the development of Marxism, the inherent tension of historical materialism has been eliminated and the theory has been transformed. The intrinsic tension in exploring and activating the historical materialism of “capitalism” is of great significance for scientifically understanding the world historical significance of the Chinese road and comprehensively developing China’s Marxism in the 21st century.