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自从1851年海姆赫尔兹(Helmholtz)氏发明了检眼镜后,一直被人认为是秘密暗窟的眼底,才得以洞悉。顾名思义,凡用检眼镜所能见到的眼球里面球壁的所有地方都属眼底。眼底是机体上唯一最适于检查活体病变的所在。检眼镜的发明,不仅扩大了眼科领域,并且可从眼底病变发现或证实全身系统性疾病,了解疾病程度,观察演变和预测结果的,故检眼镜的发明在临床上实具有非常最大的意义。眼底结构精细,病理改变复杂。但是目前眼科医师还很缺少,许多医疗机构没有专科的设备,由于实际需要,检查眼底不仅应为眼科专门医师的份内事,即使非眼科的医务工作者,往往也要进行这项检查;且在许多情况下,眼底病变是全身系统性疾病的局部症状,如果一般临床医师也能掌握眼底检查,则将有助于对疾病更全面深入的认识。
Since Helmholtz’s ophthalmoscope was invented in 1851, it has been considered as the base of the secret cave, and it has been revealed. As the name suggests, where the ophthalmoscope can see all the places inside the ball wall are the eyes. The fundus is the only place on the body most suitable for examining a living lesion. The invention of ophthalmoscope not only expands the field of ophthalmology, but also can find or confirm systemic diseases from the fundus lesions, understand the degree of disease, observe the evolution and predict the results, so the ophthalmoscope’s invention has the most clinical significance. Fine fundus structure, complicated pathological changes. However, the current shortage of ophthalmologists, many medical institutions do not have specialist equipment, due to the actual needs of the fundus examination should not only be an ophthalmologist’s internal affairs, even non-Ophthalmological medical workers, often have to carry out this inspection; and In many cases, ocular fundus lesions are topical symptoms of systemic disease and if a clinician can also hold a fundus examination, it would be helpful to have a more thorough understanding of the disease.