布隆迪是联合国确定的最不发达国家之一,60%的财政经费来自援助。人年均可拥有大米不足5 kg,大米成为布隆迪最重要、最奢侈的日常消费品之一。布隆迪地处赤道附近,光温资源丰富,降水充裕,一年四季适宜种植水稻。但布隆迪土地利用不合理、利用率低,品种严重退化,栽培技术落后,产销体系不完善,导致水稻生产徘徊不前。迫切需要发展水稻生产,满足人们日益增长的消费需求,保障国家粮食供给安全。阐述了布隆迪水稻生态类型、产量情况和生产主要限制因素,展望了从根本上解决布隆迪水稻生产问题的发展战略。 Burundi is one of the least developed countries identified by the United Nations with 60% of its financial resources coming from aid. People can own less than 5 kg of rice annually, making rice one of Burundi’s most important and luxurious extra-ordinary consumer goods. Burundi is located in the vicinity of the equator, rich in light and temperature, abundant rainfall, suitable for growing rice throughout the year. However, irrational land use in Burundi, low utilization rates, serious deterioration of cultivars, backward cultivation techniques and imperfect production and marketing systems have resulted in the stagnant rice production. There is an urgent need to develop rice production so as to meet people’s growing consumption needs and ensure the security of the country’s food supply. The ecological type, yield and main limiting factors of rice production in Burundi are expounded. The development strategy of solving the rice production problem in Burundi is fundamentally discussed.