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采用盆栽试验研究普通化肥和缓释复合肥在适量和高量施肥下对大白甲和双尖莴笋光合特性、产量和品质的影响,以期为重庆地区高产优质莴笋生产中广泛应用缓释复合肥提供参考.本试验研究普通化肥和缓释复合肥的适量(150-50-100)和高量(225-75-150)施肥水平对2个品种莴笋产量、光合特性、硝酸盐、维生素C、糖组分和氨基酸组分的影响规律.试验结果表明,缓释复合肥适量(SRFO)和高量(SRFH)处理较普通化肥适量(CFO)和高量(CFH)处理显著改善2个品种莴笋叶片的光合特性,使气孔导度(Gs)增加43.3%~115%,胞间CO2质量分数(Ci)增加6.9%~24.4%,蒸腾速率(Tr)增加54.6%~143%.与普通化肥相比,缓释复合肥处理使2个品种莴笋茎和叶产量显著提高,茎增加8.1%~25.4%,叶增加8.1%~32.1%,以及硝酸盐质量分数显著降低,茎降低11.7%~18.1%,叶降低5.0%~17.0%.从整体趋势上看2个品种莴笋茎和叶维生素C、蔗糖、总糖、甜味氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸质量分数以缓释复合肥处理较好.缓释复合肥较普通化肥能使莴笋显著增强光合作用、提高产量和改善品质.
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of conventional fertilizers and slow-release compound fertilizers on the photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of Daphnia magna and Dipper lettuce under suitable and high fertilization rates in order to provide a wide range of slow release compound fertilizers for high-yield and high-quality lettuce production in Chongqing The experiment studied the effects of appropriate amount (150-50-100) and high amount (225-75-150) fertilization level on the yield, photosynthetic characteristics, nitrate, vitamin C and sugar of two lettuce cultivars The results showed that SRFO and SRFH treatments significantly improved the yield of two varieties of lettuce leaves compared with the normal CFO and CFH treatments (Gs) increased by 43.3% ~ 115%, the intercellular CO2 content increased by 6.9% ~ 24.4%, and the transpiration rate increased by 54.6% ~ 143% .Compared with the conventional fertilizers , The yield of stems and leaves of the two lettuce cultivars increased significantly with the slow-release compound fertilizer treatment, the stems increased by 8.1% -25.4%, the leaves increased by 8.1% -32.1%, the nitrate content decreased significantly, the stems decreased by 11.7% -18.1% Leaves decreased by 5.0% ~ 17.0% from the overall trend of two varieties of lettuce shoots and leaves of vitamin C, sucrose, Sugars, amino acids sweet, umami amino acid content in order to better deal with slow-release fertilizer. Lettuce slow-release fertilizer can significantly enhance photosynthesis, increase production and improve quality than ordinary fertilizer.