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全面质量管理工作中,对加工零件的形位误差也要加以管理,那么形位误差范围根据什么来确定呢?一般人们总认为可以按正态分布规律来处理。我们经过对零件形位误差的实际测量和对误差数据的统计处理,发现零件的形位误差分布规律不服从正态分布,在一定条件下,服从差值模分布(也称绝对正态分布)。如本文中列举的外圆的圆度误差范围为0～0.018毫米,如果按正态分布来处理,误差分布范围为-0.007～0.017毫米,分布范围扩大了33.3％,而且出了负值。
In the work of total quality management, the shape and position error of the machined parts must also be managed. What is the scope of the shape and position error? According to the general rule, people generally think that it can be handled according to the law of normal distribution. After the actual measurement of the shape and position error of the part and the statistical processing of the error data, we find that the distribution rule of the shape and position error of the part does not obey the normal distribution. Under certain conditions, it follows the distribution of the differential mode (also called absolute normal distribution) . The roundness error of the outer circle as listed in this article ranges from 0 to 0.018 mm. If normalized, the error distribution ranges from -0.007 to 0.017 mm with a 33.3% increase in distribution and a negative value.