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以几大类已经商品化或具有较好市场前景的手性除草剂为对象,综述了各除草剂的除草活性、对非靶标生物的毒性及其在环境迁移中的对映异构体选择性现象及机理的研究成果。由于对映异构体间的生物学性质迥异,因此,手性除草剂对映异构体的活性、作用机理、代谢转化及其在生物体内的转移等都具有手性选择性差异。同时,手性除草剂对植物的选择性作用还会因作用对象及环境因素的改变而改变,其在环境中的选择性降解情况也十分复杂,不仅与该除草剂自身的理化性质有关,还与其所处的环境因素有关,诸如土壤类型、植物种类、微生物群落结构、温度、pH值等均会改变手性除草剂对映异构体的环境归趋。
In this paper, we reviewed the herbicidal activity of several herbicides, their toxicity to non-target organisms and their enantioselectivity in environmental migration, with several major types of chiral herbicides that have been commercialized or had good market prospects. Phenomenon and mechanism of research results. Due to the different biological properties of enantiomers, chiral selectivity differences exist between the activity of chiral herbicide enantiomers, the mechanism of action, the metabolic transformation and their transfer in vivo. At the same time, the selective effect of chiral herbicides on plants will change due to the change of the target and environmental factors. The selective degradation in the environment is also very complicated, not only related to the physical and chemical properties of the herbicides, but also Depending on the environmental factors, such as soil type, plant species, microbial community structure, temperature, pH and so on, will change the environmental fate of chiral herbicide enantiomers.