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目的:通过测量甲状腺癌患者n 131I治疗过程中患者周围剂量当量率及住院期间胸前体表的累积剂量，探讨加强n 131I治疗过程中辐射防护问题。n 方法:在某开展甲状腺癌患者n 131I治疗的医院，选取接受n 131I治疗的患者78名，用γ辐射巡测仪测量患者服用n 131I药物后10 min、1、2、5 d共5个时间点的周围剂量当量率；测量距离分别为体表5、0.5和1 m处；测量方向为患者前后左右4个方向。用光激发光剂量计测量患者胸前位置住院期间(6 d)接受的累积吸收剂量。n 结果:服药后10 min患者胸前体表5 cm处周围剂量当量率最高可达4.81 mSv/h，患者出院前胸前体表5 cm处周围剂量当量率范围在2.6～64.1 μSv/h，住院期间患者胸前体表的累积剂量在15.9～58.8 mGy之间。服药10 min后3.7 GBq药剂量组与5.55 GBq药剂量组患者体表5 cm处剂量率差异有统计学意义(n t＝-6.11, n P<0.05)，服药10 min后男性与女性患者体表5 cm处剂量率差异有统计学意义(n t＝4.52，n P0.05)。n 结论:在甲状腺癌患者n 131I治疗过程中，患者周围具有较高的辐射水平，应加强对患者的防护及管理，减少周围公众不必要的照射。n “,”Objective:To explore the existing issues in radiation protection during the treatment of n 131I by means of measuring the ambient dose equivalent rate to patients with thyroid cancer and the dose equivalent to the surface of chest of patients during hospitalization.n Methods:The ambient dose equivalent rate (peer) was measured by using gamma ray detector for selected 78 patients who received n 131I treatment in a hospital 10 min, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d and 5 d after administration with n 131I. The measurements were made at distances of 5 cm, 0.5 m and 1 m from the body surface in front, rear, left and right directions. The photoluminescence dosimeter on the chest of the patients was used to measure the effective dose during hospitalization period (6 d).n Results:The ambient dose equivalent rate on the surface of chest of patients was up to 4.81 mSv/h 10 min after administration of medicine. The dose equivalent on the surface of chest of patients before discharge ranged 2.6-64.1 μSv/h. The cumulative dose on chest surface during hospitalization was 15.9-58.8 mGy. There was a significant difference in the dose rate at 5 cm from the body surface between 3.7 GBq group and 5.55 GBq group 10 min after medication ( n t=-6.11, n P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the dose rate at 5 cm from the body surface between male and female groups 10 min after medication (n t=4.52, n P 0.05).n Conclusions:During the n 131I treatment, patients had high level of radiation around them, so it is necessary to strengthen the protection and management of patients and reduce unnecessary exposure to the public.n