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目的为查清人四肢骨骼肌两型肌纤维的横切面积和直径。方法用死后２４ｈ内男性尸体５具（年龄２１～２８岁），分别取双侧上、下肢２９块肌共４８块肌组织，作恒冷箱冰冻横切片。以肌球蛋白ＡＴＰ酶组织化学染色（ｐＨ９．４），将肌纤维分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型。用网形测微尺测量两型肌纤维的横切面积和直径。结果人四肢不同骨骼肌的肌纤维粗细各不相同，其平均横切面积范围在１７８０～４７６０μｍ２之间，平均直径为４７．６～７７．９μｍ；上肢肌肌纤维的平均横切面积明显比下肢肌的小；同一肌内两型肌纤维的平均横切面积有一定差异，大多数上肢肌的Ⅱ型纤维比Ⅰ型大，而下肢肌中，大腿肌均显示Ⅰ型纤维比Ⅱ型大，小腿肌则多为Ⅱ型纤维比Ⅰ型粗大，但４８个标本中仅有７个有显著性差异；肌内不同亚部或浅、深区的肌纤维横切面积也存在差异，但各肌表现不一。结论人四肢不同骨骼肌具有各自不同的肌纤维，其横切面积的大小与肌的功能适应密切相关，两型肌纤维横切面积相对大小的变化在肌功能适应方面仍具有一定作用，肌内不同部分的肌纤维大小的差异表明肌内局部生理功能有所不同
The aim is to find out the cross-sectional area and diameter of the skeletal muscle two-type muscle fibers in human limbs. Methods Fifty-four male cadavers (aged 21-28 years) died 24 hours after the operation, and 48 pieces of muscle of 29 upper and lower limbs on both sides were taken for frozen cross-section. Myosin ATPase histochemical staining (pH9.4), the muscle fibers into Ⅰ and Ⅱ type. The cross-sectional area and diameter of the two types of muscle fibers were measured with a mesh micrometer. Results The muscle fibers in different skeletal muscles of human limbs varied in thickness. The average cross-sectional area ranged from 1780 to 4760μm2 with an average diameter of 47.6-77.9μm. The average transverse cross-sectional area of muscle fibers of the upper limbs was significantly lower than that of the lower limbs The average transverse cross-sectional area of the same intramuscular type muscle fibers was different. Most of the upper extremity muscle type Ⅱ fibers were larger than type Ⅰ, while lower extremity muscle and thigh muscle showed type Ⅰ fibers larger than type Ⅱ and calf muscles Mostly type II fibers were thicker than type I, but only seven of the 48 specimens had significant differences. There were also differences in the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers in different sub-regions or shallow and deep regions, but the muscle performance varied. Conclusion Different skeletal muscles of human limbs have different muscle fibers. The size of cross-sectional area is closely related to the functional adaptation of muscle. The relative size of the cross-sectional area of two types of muscle fibers still plays a role in muscle function adaptation. Different parts of muscle The difference in muscle fiber size indicates a difference in intramuscular local physiology