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以同源保持系(M)为对照,研究了3套甘蓝型油菜化学诱导型雄性不育系(CIMS)与同核细胞质雄性不育系(CMS)花期-角期形态和产量性状的差异。结果表明:蕾薹期和初花期2次喷化学杂交剂SX-1后,CIMS叶面积缩小。CIMS株高在盛花期前比M系低,此后两者差距逐步缩小。CIMS的花蕾变轻变小,雄蕊缩短。CIMS的角果形状与M系无差别。CIMS的分枝部位、主花序长、主序角果数比M系低,而分枝数则增多。CIMS的根重和生物学产量更高,经济系数低,根冠比与M系无差异。在自然和人工授粉条件下CIMS与M系的结实性都无差别。与CMS相比,花期CIMS叶面积较小,株高在盛花期前比CMS低,差距而后加大。角果的长和宽、单个角果皮表面积和角果数均比CMS高,单株角果皮面积较小。分枝部位、分枝数、分枝角果数、主花序长比CMS低,而主花序角果数、主花序结角密度、主花序角果占全株角果数比例高。与CMS相比,CIMS的经济系数高,而生物学产量、根重和根冠比较低。综合CIMS和CMS系统的优势,认为培育“CIMS+CMS”复合型授粉控制系统具有重要意义。
The homologous maintainer line (M) was used as a control to study the differences in the morphological and yield traits of three sets of CIMS and cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS) at the flowering and tillering stages in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). The results showed that the leaf area of CIMS decreased after spraying SX-1 twice at budding and early flowering stages. The CIMS plant height was lower than that of the M system before flowering, and the gap between the two gradually narrowed. CIMS’s buds become lighter and smaller, stamens shortened. The shape of the cinnabar of CIMS is indistinguishable from the M system. The branches of CIMS, the main inflorescences are longer, the number of main prongs is lower than M and the number of branches is increased. CIMS has higher root weight and biological yield, lower economic coefficient and no difference between root and shoot ratio and M system. There is no difference in the firmness of CIMS and M lines under both natural and artificial pollination conditions. Compared with the CMS, flowering CIMS leaves a smaller area, height before flowering in the lower than the CMS, the gap and then increase. The length and width of the pods, pericarp surface area and the number of pods were all higher than that of the CMS, and the per plant per plant area was smaller. Branches, branches, branches of the number of fruit, the main inflorescence than CMS low, and the main inflorescences, the main inflorescence knot density, the main inflorescence of the whole plant cocos tall number ratio. Compared with the CMS, CIMS has a high economic coefficient, while its biological yield, root weight and root crown are relatively low. Combining the advantages of CIMS and CMS, it is of great significance to cultivate a compound pollination control system “CIMS + CMS”.