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赤道式望远镜指北偏差直接影响测量的准确性,找到一种快速有效的寻北方法是非常关键的。锁定望远镜指向南赤道面,如果划过视场的星的轨迹不是水平直线,将调整望远镜极轴绕竖直轴线转动,直至星的轨迹是水平直线;锁定望远镜指向东或西赤道面,如果划过视场的星的轨迹不是水平直线,将调整望远镜极轴绕水平轴线转动,直至星的轨迹是水平直线。利用球面三角形的知识,推导分析了此种寻北方法的理论依据,望远镜指向南赤道面调整的是极轴指北偏差的水平分量,望远镜指向东或西赤道面调整的是极轴指北偏差的竖直分量。通过此方法寻北后的赤道式望远镜,连续50 min恒动对某恒星进行观测,其Y轴脱靶量变化4″。观测结果表明,文中的寻北方法是快捷有效的,并且调整后的赤道式望远镜具有较高的指北精度。
Equatorial telescope north of the direct impact on the accuracy of measurement accuracy, to find a fast and effective North seeking method is very crucial. Lock the telescope pointing south equatorial plane, if the trajectory of the star across the field of view is not a horizontal straight line, will adjust the telescope polar axis rotation around the vertical axis until the star’s trajectory is a horizontal line; lock telescope pointing east or west equatorial plane, The trajectory of the star that passes through the field of view is not a horizontal straight line, and the polar axis of the telescope will be rotated about the horizontal axis until the trajectory of the star is a horizontal straight line. Based on the knowledge of spherical triangles, the theoretical basis of this north finding method is deduced and analyzed. The telescope directs to the south equatorial plane to adjust the horizontal component of the northward deviation of the polar axis. The north-east axis or the west equatorial plane of the telescope is adjusted to refer to the northward deviation The vertical component. By this method, the equatorial telescope looking north after 50 min constant motion of a star was observed, the Y-axis miss distance change 4 ".The observation results show that the text of the North Seeking method is quick and effective, and the adjusted equator Telescope with a high north pointing accuracy.