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公共事务专家在中国改革中扮演什么样的角色?长期以来,研究者开展的知识与权力间关系的讨论,往往聚焦于对专家“群体”在政府决策中如何发挥作用的议题。而本研究近距离考察专家“个体”的特点和态度对其角色选择的作用,并提出专家“对待理论和实践的关系的态度”及“对待专家和官员关系的态度”两个维度,探讨政府改革实践中专家不同角色的形成机理。我们从理论上提出了作为“咨询者”专家的四种角色,包括知识拓展者、理论验证者、价值追求者和技术传播者。进而,我们以中国浙江省温岭参与式预算改革为例,分析了公共事务专家在参与地方政府改革中的角色,并探讨不同专家在参与温岭参与式预算改革过程中的行动机理。
What role do public affairs experts play in China’s reform? For a long time, the discussion of the relationship between knowledge and power by researchers often focused on the issue of how experts “groups” play a role in government decision-making. This study examines the role and characteristics of the expert “individual ” closely at the role of role selection and proposes experts “attitude towards the relationship between theory and practice ” and “attitude towards the relationship between experts and officials Two dimensions to discuss the formation mechanism of different roles of experts in government reform practice. We theoretically propose four roles as ”consultants" experts, including knowledge exponents, theoretical verifiers, value suitors, and technology communicators. Furthermore, taking the participatory budgeting reform in Wenling, Zhejiang Province, as an example, we analyze the role of public affairs experts in participating in the reform of local government, and discuss the action mechanism of different experts involved in Wenling participatory budgeting reform.