乙酰羟肟酸(Acetohydroxamic acid)是细菌性尿素酶的特异抑制剂,并能防止上尿路感染诱发的结石成长。作者研究4例保留导尿管和1例耻骨上保留导管,4例由于脊髓损伤引起膀胱功能不良,另1例为多发性硬化症,所有病人至少有6个月慢性导管尿垢结壳的历史,需要经常更换导管(≥每2周1次)。均有产尿素酶的细菌尿和肾脏功能较好(血清肌酐浓度<2.5mg/d1)。在整个研究过程中,保持更换导管的期间恒定不变。经6个更换周期分析其导管结壳率。按体重分别投给乙酰羟肟酸的口服剂量:体重>70kg者,每日4次,每次250mg;50～70kg者,每日3次,每次250mg;<50kg者,15mg/kg/d,分3次口服,在更换导管的那1天不服药,每例病人所用的导管内径和材料因人而异,但每人使用的导管型号始终不改变,研究前均测定血清肌酐、血清电解质、血细胞计数、网织细胞计数,尿培养和过敏试验,观察X线骨盆平片以判断有无较大的膀胱结石。更换下来的导管,取6cm段作为分析用,置导管顶端于100℃下干燥数小时后过秤(基础干重),为要测定尿垢结壳,置导管顶端段于10cml 1M盐酸溶液内1小时, Acetohydroxamic acid is a specific inhibitor of bacterial urease and prevents the growth of stones induced by upper urinary tract infection. The authors studied 4 cases of catheterization and 1 case of suprapubic catheter, 4 cases of bladder dysfunction due to spinal cord injury, 1 case of multiple sclerosis and 6 months history of chronic ductal urolithiasis in all patients , Requiring frequent catheter changes (≥ 1 every 2 weeks). Both urease-producing bacteria had better urinary and renal functions (serum creatinine concentration <2.5 mg / d1). During the entire study, the duration of catheter replacement remained constant. The catheterization rate was analyzed after 6 cycles. Oral doses of acetohydroxamic acid administered separately to body weight were given in doses of> 70 kg, 4 times a day, 250 mg each; 50 to 70 kg, 250 mg daily; <50 kg, 15 mg / kg / d , 3 times orally in the day of catheter replacement did not take medicine, the catheter diameter and material used in each patient vary, but the catheter model used per person does not change the determination of serum creatinine, serum electrolytes , Blood cell count, reticulocyte count, urine culture and allergy test, X-ray pelvic plain observation to determine whether there is a large bladder stone. Replacement of the catheter, take 6cm segment for analysis, set the top of the catheter dried at 100 ℃ for several hours after weighing (basic dry weight), in order to determine urinary scale crusts, catheter tip segment in 10cml 1M hydrochloric acid solution for 1 hour ,