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自18世纪工业革命发展至今,传统的工业发展模式即资源的线性利用模式,以其对资源的不合理利用和对生态环境的严重破坏与污染而受到越来越多的质疑与挑战。1989年9月,Robert Frosch和Nicolas Gallopoulos发表《制造业的战略》一文,提出生态工业概念,认为工业系统应向自然生态系统学习,通过建立类似自然生态系统的、资源和能量的梯级网状利用模式的生态工业系统,达到优化资源利用、缓解环境污染的工业可持续发展目标。生态工业系统理论的生产实践表现为工业共生体系、生态工业园和静脉产业园等。
Since the industrial revolution in 18th century, the traditional mode of industrial development, that is, the linear utilization of resources, has been increasingly questioned and challenged by its unreasonable use of resources and the serious damage and pollution to the ecological environment. In September 1989, Robert Frosch and Nicolas Gallopoulos published the article “Strategy for the Manufacturing Industry,” introducing the concept of eco-industries that industrial systems should learn from natural ecosystems through the use of cascading reticulation of resources and energy similar to that of natural ecosystems Mode of eco-industrial system, to optimize the use of resources to ease the environmental pollution of the industrial sustainable development goals. The production practice of eco-industrial system theory is manifested in industrial symbiosis system, eco-industrial park and vein industrial park.