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北美自由贸易区是当今世界上最发达、实力最强的自由贸易区。在该区内,美加墨三国在高度不对称的情况下实现了彼此间的经济互补,推动了北美洲地区自由贸易的发展,改变了世界贸易格局。但其背后,隐现出来的却是一种美国模式的地区主义战略。这种战略有其产生的历史背景,是美国应对全球化所带来挑战的一种反应,并有其政治安全和经济战略考虑。其特点是以美国为中心的不对称合作,但不会向欧盟那样的方向发展;是美国推动实现全球自由贸易目标的工具,但包含有对发展中国家进行改造的意图。它增强了美国应对全球化所带来挑战的能力,推动了全球化进程中的区域化合作发展趋势。但另一方面,也有其固有的缺陷,这也是北美自由贸易区至今不能扩大,更无法建立美洲自由贸易区的原因。
The North American Free Trade Area is the most developed and strongest free trade zone in the world today. In the region, the three countries of the United States, Mexico, and Mexico achieved economic complementarity with each other in a highly asymmetrical situation, which promoted the development of free trade in North America and changed the world trade pattern. But behind it, what emerges is a regionalism strategy of the American model. This strategy has its historical background. It is a response of the United States to the challenges posed by globalization, and it also has its political security and economic strategy. It is characterized by US-centered asymmetric cooperation, but it will not develop in the same direction as the EU. It is a tool for the United States to promote the goal of global free trade, but it contains the intention to reform the developing countries. It enhances the ability of the United States to respond to the challenges posed by globalization and promotes the development of regional cooperation in the process of globalization. On the other hand, it also has its inherent flaws. This is why the North American Free Trade Area has not been expanded so far, and it is even more difficult to establish a free trade zone in the Americas.