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目的: 了解乡镇企业女工避孕知识的拥有情况及可能的影响因素。方法: 采用匿名—自填问卷的形式填写统一编制的调查表, 调查员解释相关内容及调查的意义。结果: 乡镇企业女工的文化程度越高初婚年龄越大。女工对各种避孕方法知晓情况不一, 知晓率最高的 3种避孕方法分别是男性避孕套 (92 2% )、口服避孕药 (82 9% ) 和女性结扎 (55 8% ), 已婚女工知晓情况优于未婚女工。婚姻状况对避孕知识的来源有影响, 未婚女工的避孕知识主要来自报纸、杂志 (81 1% ), 而已婚女工的避孕知识主要来自医院宣教 (60 9% )。绝大部分已婚女工的避孕观念还处于“响应国家号召”的被动状态。结论: 应该通过方便有效的途径针对不同特征的乡镇企业女工进行避孕、生育知识的宣教, 进一步促进女工对避孕方法的知情选择。提高女工的科学文化素质促进其避孕观念的转变。
Objective: To understand the ownership of contraceptive knowledge and the possible influencing factors of women workers in township enterprises. Methods: Anonymous - self-completed questionnaires fill in the form of a unified questionnaire, investigators explain the relevant content and the significance of the survey. Results: The higher the educational level of women workers in TVEs is, the higher the age of first marriage is. Women workers knew different contraceptive methods in different ways. The three contraceptive methods with the highest awareness rates were male condom (92.2%), oral contraceptive pill (82.9%) and female ligation (55.8%), married women workers Know better than unmarried women workers. Marital status affected the source of contraceptive knowledge. The contraceptive knowledge of unmarried women workers mainly came from newspapers and magazines (81.1%), while the contraceptive knowledge of married women workers mainly came from hospital education (60.9%). The concept of contraception for the vast majority of married women is still in a passive state of “responding to national calls.” Conclusion: Women contractors with different characteristics in rural areas should be educated in contraception and birth knowledge in a convenient and effective way to further promote the informed choice of contraceptive methods for women workers. Improve the scientific and cultural qualities of female workers to promote the change of their concept of contraception.