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两晋南北朝时期 ,“以悲为美”时代审美情趣和现实际遇 ,为特定文学主题的繁盛注入了生机。自悼与文人感悼英雄志士失意结合 ,成为后世持久绵延的文化心理定势。临终诗则带有被迫性质。 1 这类诗是古人自挽自悼的一种特殊形式 ,主要情感指向偏重于顾恋今生 ,表明一种镇定或超脱、不平和激愤的态度。 2 文学人物的伤感自悼 ,每多带有无法回避死亡的悲剧意味 ,同“乐极生悲”模式结合起来。 3 临终之咏和相关情状描绘 ,多作为突显薄命女子不甘于命运摆布 ,借此进行控诉和抗争。 4 临终留诗具有不甘就死的抗争意味 ;而临终不留什么 ,更表明弃绝一切的否定态度。 5 临终表露出对人生、爱侣的眷恋 ,表现了人物美德及其人性至情。自悼和临终诗文 ,将丧悼文化、悼祭主题同个体对于死亡的情感表现 ,加以结合融汇 ,极大地丰富了个体生命的人生悲剧意识及相关情感心态的呈露方式 ,为后世叙事文学拓宽了情感表现疆域
In the period of Jin, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the aesthetic taste and realistic experience of the era of “taking sadness as the beauty” infused vitality into the flourishing of the theme of specific literature. Self-mourning and literati mourning desperate combination of patriots, become a lasting long-term cultural psychology. Dying poetry is forced into nature. 1 Such poems are a special form of the ancients’ self-depreciation and self-reliance. Their main emotional orientation is to emphasize the relationship between life and love and show a calm or detached attitude toward injustice and indignation. 2 literary figures sad self-mourning, each with a tragedy can not avoid the death of meaning, with the “extreme sadness” mode combined. 3 The description of the end-of-life chant and related circumstances are mostly used to highlight the indignation of the dead-end woman against the fate of the indictment and protest. 4 Lingering poems have unwilling to die on the fight means; and dying do not leave anything, but also shows that rejected all negative attitude. 5 apologize for life, lovers attachment, showing the character of virtue and its humanity. Since the memorial and the death of poetry, will be mourning for culture, mourning theme with the individual for the emotional performance of death, combined with integration, greatly enriched the individual life tragedy awareness of life and related emotional attitude of the way for the later narrative literature Broaden the emotional expression territory