以“蓝山大白”苦瓜品种(Momordica charantia L.)为试验材料,在遮雨栽培条件下,研究了田间持水量50%~60%、70%~80%、90%~100%土壤水分含量(SWC)条件下,初果期、盛果期、末果期果实的营养品质和产量。结果表明:就品质的水分效应而言,70%~80%SWC有利于果实维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量的提高,50%~60%SWC有利于增加果实可溶性固形物含量;关于品质的时期效应,3种土壤水分条件下均表现为盛果期果实维生素C、可溶性蛋白质含量最高,末果期果实可溶性糖含量最高,而50%~60%SWC和70%~80%SWC的可溶性固形物在盛果期和末果期均显著高于初果期;关于果实产量,50%~60%SWC和70%~80%SWC之间差异不显著,但均显著高于90%~100%SWC的产量;盛果期果实品质普遍优于初果期和末果期,综合产量和品质,70%~80%SWC更利于苦瓜产量提高和品质改善。 With “Momordica charantia L.” as tested material, the field water holding capacity of 50% ~ 60%, 70% ~ 80%, 90% ~ 100% Under the condition of moisture content (SWC), the nutritional quality and yield of fruit in early stage, full stage and end stage were studied. The results showed that 70% -80% of SWC was beneficial to the increase of vitamin C, soluble sugar and soluble protein in fruit and 50% -60% of SWC was beneficial to increase the content of soluble solids in fruit. Period effect, three kinds of soil moisture conditions were shown in the fruit of full-fruit vitamin C, the highest content of soluble protein, soluble sugar content of fruit at the end of the highest fruit, and 50% ~ 60% SWC and 70% ~ 80% The content of SWC in 50% ~ 60% and 70% ~ 80% SWC was not significantly different, but both of them were significantly higher than 90% -100% SWC. The fruit quality of fruit-bearing stage was generally better than that of early fruit stage and end fruit stage. The yield and quality of SWC were more favorable for yield and quality improvement of 70 -80% SWC.