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本研究针对黑龙江省过去50年推广的大豆品种产量及品质变化进行研究。结果表明,品种推广年代与产量之间表现显著的线性回归关系,产量呈逐年增加的趋势,平均每年提高1.27%。产量的提高与荚数、荚粒数、粒数及收获指数密切相关,而与百粒重关系不大。经过50年的遗传改良,大豆蛋白质和脂肪含量变化不大,且品种间变异幅度较小。R2期(盛花期)叶氮含量、单株叶氮量、比叶氮及LAI(叶面积指数)与产量及品质关系不大,但此时期干物质重与产量呈负相关关系,生育前期的干物质积累对产量的贡献不大。
In this study, the yield and quality of soybean varieties promoted in Heilongjiang Province in the past 50 years were studied. The results showed that there was a significant linear regression relationship between the variety popularization age and the yield, the yield increased year by year, with an average annual increase of 1.27%. The increase of yield was closely related to pod number, pod number, grain number and harvest index, but had little to do with the grain weight. After 50 years of genetic improvement, the content of soybean protein and fat did not change much, and the variation among varieties was small. Leaf nitrogen content, leaf nitrogen per plant, leaf nitrogen content and LAI (leaf area index) had no significant correlation with yield and quality at R2 stage (full flowering stage), but there was a negative correlation between dry weight and yield at R2 stage Dry matter accumulation contributes little to yield.