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调查了小兴安岭谷地云冷杉林1.5 hm2(100 m×150 m)固定样地内的物种组成和径级结构,用点格局方法分析样地内主要种群的空间格局和空间关联性以及林隙形成木的空间格局.结果表明:样地内胸径≥2 cm的乔木有13种,种群密度差异大,重要值在前4位的为臭冷杉、红皮云杉、白桦和花楷槭.种群的径级结构近似倒“J”形.臭冷杉和红皮云杉空间分布相似,随空间尺度的变化趋势为聚集-随机-均匀分布.白桦在≤40 m尺度为聚集分布,>40 m尺度变为随机分布,而花楷槭在整个研究尺度上均为聚集分布.除白桦和花楷槭两者间在整个研究尺度上均为负相关以外,其余种群间均为小尺度上正相关、大尺度上负相关.臭冷杉和白桦种群间正相关的显著性强,其他种群间正相关性普遍较弱.样地内林隙形成木的空间格局表现为中小尺度聚集分布,随尺度增大趋于随机分布.掘根形成的林隙形成木的空间点格局呈单峰型分布,随机、聚集和均匀3种分布均有出现.折干形成的林隙形成木的空间点格局分布整体波动不大,小尺度上在随机和聚集分布间交替出现,到大尺度则归于随机分布.两者间的空间关联性分析表明,≤32 m尺度为显著正相关,>32 m尺度为不显著的负相关.
The species composition and diameter structure in 1.5 hm2 (100 m × 150 m) fixed-site plots of spruce fir forest in the valley of Xiaoxing’anling were investigated. The spatial pattern and spatial correlation of the main populations in the plots were analyzed by point pattern, The results showed that there were thirteen species of trees with DBH≥2 cm in the plot, with large differences in population density and the important values of the top four were F. obliquus, P. korshinskii, Betula platyphylla, Inverted “J ” shape.The spatial distributions of spruce fir and red spruce are similar, with the trend of spatial scale being aggregated - randomly - uniformly distributed.The Betula platyphylla is aggregated at ≤40 m scale, , While the flowers of Acer asiatica were aggregated in all the study scales except for the negative correlation between the two species and the other two species, The positive correlation was significant between the populations of Betula alnoides and Betula platyphylla and the positive correlations among other populations were generally weaker.The spatial pattern of wood-forming woods in the plots showed small- and medium-scale aggregated distribution, which tended to be randomly distributed Gaps formed by groves The spatial pattern of wood showed a single peak distribution, with random, aggregated and even distribution all appearing.The spatial distribution of space formed wood formed by folding dry had little fluctuation, and on the small scale between random and aggregated distribution The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between ≤32 m scale and non-significant negative correlation> 32 m scale.