五四新文学是在对传统文学的否定中确立自身的 ,对传统文学的否定是五四新文学最重要的本质之一。五四新文学对传统文学的否定是对“自己以前的存在形式”的否定。是中国文学历史发展中的一次质的飞跃。从诗三百篇到明清小说 ,从楚辞对诗歌形式的革新到晚清文学改良运动 ,中国文学的每一点进步和发展 ,都是这一质的飞跃前的量变的积累。外国文学的影响只能是一种不起根本性作用的原因。 The May 4th new literature established itself in the negation of traditional literature. The negation of traditional literature is one of the most important essences of the May 4th new literature. The negation of traditional literature in the May 4th New Literature is the negation of “one’s own previous form of existence.” It is a qualitative leap in the historical development of Chinese literature. From the three hundred poems in the Ming Dynasty to the fiction in the Ming and Qing dynasties, every improvement and development of Chinese literature from the reform of the form of poetry in the Song dynasty to the literary reform movement in the late Qing dynasty are the accumulations of quantitative change before this leap forward. The influence of foreign literature can only be a cause of fundamental effect.