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目的了解西安市城区2013年0~6岁儿童超重肥胖发病情况,为制定有效的干预措施提供理论依据。方法采取整群分层抽样的方式,抽取西安市城区0~6岁儿童10 374名。以WHO 2007身高别体重肥胖标准作为诊断超重和肥胖的依据,将2013年西安市城区0~6岁儿童的超重/肥胖率与2005年全国同龄儿童进行比较。结果 2013年西安市城区0~6岁儿童的超重率为16.9%,肥胖率为8.2%。除3岁组与5岁组男童超重率高于女童(χ~2值分别19.696,11.756,P值均<0.01)外,其余年龄段儿童超重率性别差异均无统计学意义;除4~6岁组儿童肥胖率性别差异有统计学意义外,其余年龄组肥胖率性别间差异均无统计学意义。与2005年全国同年龄段儿童相比,西安市2岁和4~7岁儿童超重率均低于全国水平,<1岁和1岁组肥胖率高于全国水平,而西安市0~6岁儿童总体超重率低于全国水平,总肥胖率高于全国水平(P值均<0.05)。5 498名男童超重率为18.3%(1 008名),肥胖率为8.9%(491名);4 876名女童超重率为15.2%(742名),肥胖率为7.3%(358名),男童均高于女童(χ~2值分别为17.898,8.677,P值均<0.01)。西安市男童超重率、女童超重率均低于全国水平(P值均<0.01),西安市男童肥胖率与全国水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论西安市城区0~6岁儿童超重、肥胖率处于较高水平,制定预防儿童超重/肥胖的有效干预措施势在必行。
Objective To understand the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 0 ~ 6 in urban area of Xi’an City in 2013, and to provide a theoretical basis for making effective interventions. Methods A cluster stratified sampling method was adopted to extract 10 374 children aged 0-6 in urban area of Xi’an. According to the WHO 2007 body fat and fat-free body weight criteria, the overweight / obesity rate of 0-6 year-old children in urban areas of Xi’an in 2013 was compared with that of 2005 national peers. Results In 2013, the overweight rate of children aged 0-6 years old in urban area of Xi’an was 16.9% and the obesity rate was 8.2%. Except for 3 to 5 years old boys, the overweight rate was higher than that of the girls (χ ~ 2 = 19.696, 11.756, P <0.01 respectively) There was no significant difference in the obesity rates of the other age groups between the sexes in the 6-year-old children. Compared with children of the same age in 2005 in China, the overweight rates of children aged 2 years and 4 to 7 years in Xi’an were lower than the national average. The obesity rates in the 1-year and 1-year-olds were higher than the national average, while the 0-6-year-olds The overall rate of overweight in children was lower than the national average, and the total obesity rate was higher than the national level (P <0.05). 5 498 boys had an overweight rate of 18.3% (1,008), an obesity rate of 8.9% (491), 4,876 girls overweight rate of 15.2% (742) and obesity rate of 7.3% (358) Boys were higher than girls (χ ~ 2 values were 17.898,8.677, P <0.01). Xi’an boys overweight rate, girls overweight rate were lower than the national level (P value <0.01), male obese rate in Xi’an compared with the national level, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusions Children over the age of 0 ~ 6 in urban area of Xi’an City are overweight and obesity rates are at a high level. It is imperative to make effective interventions to prevent overweight / obesity in children.