1989-1991:审视年代

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现在回过头来看,这3年对改革来说是进入了一个被人审视的阶段。左中右的人都对改革生疑。有人认为还没改到根子上,有人认为把利益改到了贪官手中,有人认为把社会主义根基改没了,有人认为太慢,有人认为太快。思想的争论导致行动的迟缓。观察家评价说:1991年的中国在左顾右盼。连以深圳为代表的特区也被卷入了争论,被人打上了一个大大的问号。从表面上看,改革并没有停步,与“治理整顿”一样重要的口号是“深化改革”。但这一阶段的改革毕竟有所不同。与前一阶段以“放权”为主要目标的改革指比,这时的改盆虽然数量不少,如财政体制改革、金融体制改茎、外贸体制改革、物质管理体制改革、价格改革等等,但更多在于适当的“收权”,当时的说法是“加强集中”。1991年11月22昌,国家统计局的报告实际上正式宣布了持续3年的“治理整顿”的结束。但是,市场似乎仍在按自己的轨迹前进,并没有随着这个宣布而走出低谷。1989一1991的治理整顿期间,1.吕万个投资项目停建,压缩资金647亿,17万家公司关门。西方盼望中国翻天,国内的老“左”也吵着要走回头路。但这3年中国的国民生产总值毕竟增长了136倍。“实惠”是最好的稳定剂。1989年的政治风波无疑是这一阶段的一件大事。不过,在老百姓看来,反腐、房改、贫困等社会问题更能引起他们约关注。 Now, looking back, these three years are entering a phase of examination for the reform. Left-right people are suspicious of reform. Some people think that they have not changed their minds yet. Some people think that the interests have been changed to those of corrupt officials. Some people think that if the foundation of socialism is changed, some people think it is too slow and some people think too fast. The controversy of ideas leads to slow action. Observers have commented: China in 1991 looked around. Even the SAR, represented by Shenzhen, was also involved in the debate and was marked by a big question mark. On the surface, the reform has not stopped. The slogan of “governance and rectification” is “deepening reform.” However, the reforms at this stage are different after all. Compared with the previous reform of the “decentralization” as the main objective, although there are quite a number of reforms at this time, such as the reform of the financial system, the reform of the financial system, the reform of the foreign trade system, the reform of the material management system, the price reform, etc., But more is the proper “power of attorney”, the saying was “to strengthen concentration.” On November 22, 1991, the report of the National Bureau of Statistics actually officially ended the “rectification and reorganization” that lasted for three years. However, the market seems to be on its own track and has not come out of the way with this announcement. During the period of governance and reorganization from 1989 to 1991, 1. Luwan investment projects were stopped and the capital was reduced by 64.7 billion and 170,000 companies were closed down. The West hopes for China to sky and the old “left” in the country to clamor for a walk backwards. However, in the past three years, China’s GNP has increased by 136 times. “Affordable” is the best stabilizer. The political turmoil of 1989 is undoubtedly a major event at this stage. However, it appears to the common people that social problems such as anti-corruption, housing reform and poverty have caused them more concern.
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