事实与新闻有着割不断的联系。在马克思主义者看来,事实是独立于人的精神之外的客观存在,它不以人的意志为转移,新闻则是人所报道的新近发生事实的信息。因此,事实是第一性的,先于新闻且不依赖于新闻而存在,新闻则是派生的,是人对所认识的客观事实的陈述。这些见解之所以正确,不仅因为它符合马克思主义的认识论,更因为它符合人们的常识。然而近年来由于受西方形形色色分析哲学、实证主义哲学的影响,首先在哲学界有人提出,只有物(东西)才是客观存在的,而反映物的性质、现象和物与物之间相互关系的事实,却被认为是人对呈现于感官之前的物及其情况的一种经验和判断,并不是客观实在本身。在他们看来,事实实际上只是人的经验,至于经验背后有否真实存在的事实,因为已超出了人的经验范围,人们无从知晓,所以谈论客观事实是没有意义的形而上学的问题,于是得出结论:事实的本义就是经验事实。新闻界的部分学者也不同程度地接受了这种见解:“事实乃是对呈现于感官之前的事物或现象的某种实际情况的一种断定或陈述。”有的新闻学研究者甚至据此得出这样的结论:“新闻不是事实的什么反映,不是事实的报道,也不是事实的信息,新闻就是事实。”他们认为事实与新闻都是第二性的东西,都是人的经验和经验的陈述。那末第一性的 Facts and news have cut the continuous contact. To Marxists, fact is an objective existence independent of human spirit. It is not based on the will of man and news is the news of the recent facts that people report. Therefore, facts are first nature, existing before news and not relying on news, while news is a derivative of man’s statement of objective facts known to him. These insights are correct not only because they are in line with Marxist epistemology, but because they conform to common sense. However, in recent years, due to the influence of the Western analytical philosophy and positivist philosophy, some people in the philosophical circle first proposed that only things (things) exist objectively and reflect the nature, phenomena and the interrelationship between things The fact, however, is considered as a kind of experience and judgment on the object before the senses and its condition, and not on the objective reality itself. In their view, the fact is actually only the experience of man. As to whether the fact behind the experience is true or not, since people have no knowledge of the scope of human experience, it is pointless to talk about objective facts as meaningless metaphysics. The conclusion: the true meaning of fact is the empirical fact. Some scholars in the press accept this view to varying degrees: “Facts are a kind of assertion or statement about some actual situation of things or phenomena presented before the senses.” Even some journalism researchers even make use of it Came to the conclusion that “news is not a reflection of facts, not a factual report, nor a factual fact, and news is a fact.” They consider facts and news as second nature, both human experience and experience The statement. So first sex