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宫颈癌是一种严重危害女性健康的恶性肿瘤,其发病率较高,位居女性恶性肿瘤的第二位,仅次于乳腺癌。自从1977年德国学者ZurHausen等从宫颈癌标本中发现了人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus HPV)DNA,并推测HPV感染与宫颈癌发生有关后,许多学者对HPV与宫颈癌的相关性进行了大量的研究,并证实HPV感染是宫颈癌发病的必需因素。目前,对于宫颈HPV感染检测有多种手段,其中聚合酶链反应(PCR)和捕获杂交技术在实验室中应用较广泛。在宫颈癌筛查中联合应用HPV检测和细胞学,不仅可以提高敏感性,而且还可以减少随诊频率,从而大大降低了宫颈癌的发生。
Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously endangers women’s health. Its incidence is high, ranking second in female malignant tumors, second only to breast cancer. Since the German scholar Zur Hausen et al. Discovered human papillomavirus HPV DNA from cervical cancer specimens in 1977 and speculated that HPV infection is related to the occurrence of cervical cancer, many scholars have made a large number of correlations between HPV and cervical cancer Study, and confirmed that HPV infection is an essential factor in the development of cervical cancer. At present, there are many methods for detecting HPV infection in the cervix, of which polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capture hybridization are widely used in the laboratory. Cervical cancer screening in combination with HPV testing and cytology, not only can improve the sensitivity, but also can reduce the frequency of follow-up, thus greatly reducing the incidence of cervical cancer.