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目的：３０例小儿心内直视手术以海脉素为心肺机预充液，探讨血液稀释对小儿血球压积、血浆总蛋白、血小板及血浆电解质的影响。方法：３０例分为三组，血液稀释组（ＨＥＤ），稀释式自身输血（ＨＡＴ），输库血组（ＳＢＴ），每组１０例。观察三组麻醉前、心肺转流１５ｍｉｎ、回输机器余血１５ｍｉｎ、术后２４ｈ和７２ｈ血球压积、血浆总蛋白、血小板及血浆电解质变化。结果：心肺转流１５ｍｉｎＨＥＤ组和ＳＢＴ组呈中度、ＨＡＴ组呈中高度血液稀释。回输机器余血后，三组血球压积、血浆总蛋白均明显回升（Ｐ＜０．０５），血小板计数ＨＡＴ组高于ＨＥＤ组和ＳＢＴ组。血浆钾、钠、氯、钙离子浓度基本在正常范围。结论：小儿心内直视手术中采用海脉素血液稀释式自身输血是安全可行的。
Objective: Thirty cases of infantile open-heart surgery under the condition of cardiopulmonary preconditioning were studied in order to investigate the effect of hemodilution on hematocrit, total plasma protein, platelets and plasma electrolytes in children. Methods: Thirty patients were divided into three groups: hemodilution group (HED), diluted autologous blood transfusion (HAT) and transfusion reservoir group (SBT), with 10 in each group. The changes of hematocrit, plasma total protein, platelet and plasma electrolyte in the three groups before anesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass 15min, left over 15min after operation, 24h and 72h after operation were observed. Results: Cardiopulmonary bypass 15minHED group and SBT group was moderate, HAT group was moderate hemodilution. After transfusion of residual blood, the hematocrit and plasma total protein in the three groups all increased significantly (P <0.05). The platelet count in HAT group was higher than that in HED group and SBT group. Plasma potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium ion concentration in the normal range. Conclusion: It is safe and feasible to use hemophthalmforum autotransfusion in open heart surgery in children.