火灾中的烟和毒性问题已成为世界消防科研中的重要课题随着石油化学工业的发展,高分子材料品种渐增,应用也越来越广,有的作为建筑材料,有的作为装饰材料,使用于飞机、轮船、高层建筑等处。这些材料质轻、美观,施工又方便,但大部分为易燃材料,并且一旦发生燃烧会产生大量的烟和毒性气体,造成火场中可见度降低,影响人们逃离现场;由于吸入这些对人有刺激、窒息和麻醉作用的气体,还会引起中毒、死亡。世界上许多国家的消防科研工作者都指出,烟和毒性气体的作用,是火灾中引起伤亡的重要因素 Smoke and toxicity in fire have become an important issue in the world of fire protection research With the development of petrochemical industry, polymer materials are more and more widely used, and their applications are more and more widely. Some are used as building materials and some as decorative materials, Used in aircraft, ships, high-rise buildings and other places. These materials are light, beautiful and easy to apply. However, most of them are flammable materials and generate large quantities of smoke and poisonous gases in the event of combustion, resulting in a decrease of visibility in the fire and affecting people fleeing the site. As a result of inhalation of these stimuli , Asphyxia and anesthesia gas, can cause poisoning, death. Fire researchers in many countries of the world have pointed out that the role of smoke and toxic gases is an important factor in causing fire casualties