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多数肝癌患者有以下三方面的生化变化:①出现胚胎性抗原,如甲胎蛋白(AFP)和胎儿类型的同工酶;②激素过度合成,如PTH和红细胞生成素等;③出现异常脂肪酸和高胆固醇血症。上述某些生化变化已用作检测肝细胞性肝癌的指标,其中以AFP 试验较为敏感。然而,即使用敏感的放射免疫定量测定,仍有约10%肝癌患者AFP 阴性,有待进一步解决。近年来,测定某些血清酶及其同工酶诊断原发性肝癌取得了有意义的进展。如与AFP同时测定,对原发性肝癌的诊断有互补作用。
Most patients with liver cancer have the following three biochemical changes: ① embryonic antigen, such as AFP and fetal type isoenzyme; ② hormone over-synthesis, such as PTH and erythropoietin; ③ abnormal fatty acids and Hypercholesterolemia. Some of these biochemical changes have been used as indicators of hepatocellular carcinoma, with AFP testing being more sensitive. However, even with sensitive radioimmunoassay, about 10% of patients with liver cancer are still AFP negative, yet to be further resolved. In recent years, the determination of certain serum enzymes and isozymes in the diagnosis of primary liver cancer made significant progress. As with the determination of AFP at the same time, the diagnosis of primary liver cancer have a complementary role.