中国军队的近代化过程，带有鲜明的半殖民地半封建社会的烙印，具有“西化”的色彩。从枪炮更新、军校兴起到军制变革，无不仿照西洋。其间，活跃于晚清新式军校的外籍教官起了重要的启蒙与桥梁作用。一、洋教官的引入：从军队到军校19世纪中期，清王朝统治下的封建帝国未能逃 The process of the modernization of the Chinese armed forces has a distinctive color of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society with Westernization. From the firearms update, the rise of the military academy to military reform, all modeled on the West. In the meantime, foreign instructors active in the late Qing military academy played an important role of enlightenment and bridge. First, the introduction of foreign instructors: from the army to the military school In the mid 19th century, the feudal empire under Qing rule failed to escape