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引言电真空器件失效的主要表现形式是阴极发射性能的衰落。外部原因是由于器件内吸放气平衡破坏致使真空气氛不良。内因是在寿命过程中阴极发生了不利于发射的物理和化学变化。寿命过程中阴极温度和有效发射面积的变化都会引起发射性能的变化。氧化物阴极涂层强度很差,热导和电导不良,寿命过程中易产生机械损伤,更会对发射带来不利的影响。
Introduction The main manifestation of the failure of electrical vacuum devices is the decay of cathode emission performance. The external reason is due to the balance of the device inside the suction and deflation caused by bad vacuum atmosphere. The internal cause is that during the lifetime of the cathode, physical and chemical changes unfavorable to the emission occur. Changes in cathode temperature and effective area of emission during lifetime can cause changes in emission performance. Oxide cathode coating is very poor strength, thermal conductivity and poor conductance, easy to produce mechanical damage during life, but also have a detrimental impact on the launch.