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目的通过分析天津市滨海新区某煤炭码头存在职业病危害因素的种类及其职业病防护设施等的防护效果,评价该项目职业病危害的现状是否满足国家对职业病防治的要求,并提出合理、可行的防护对策。方法通过自制的职业卫生调查表收集该项目的生产工艺、原辅材料、生产设备、职业病防护设施、个体防护用品、应急救援设施、职业卫生管理、职业健康监护等资料并进行分析和评价;确定存在的职业病危害因素的种类、分布及工人接触情况,对其存在的主要职业病危害因素进行检测,对2014—2016年的职业病危害因素检测结果进行分析和评价。结果该项目存在的主要职业病危害因素为煤尘和噪声。检测结果中,摘/正钩操作位1煤尘(总尘)的超限倍数(0.6~4.5)、摘/正钩操作位2煤尘(总尘)的超限倍数(2.1~3.7)和煤尘(呼尘)的超限倍数(1.4~3.5)、B2驱动站煤尘(总尘)的超限倍数(0.2~7.2)超过了国家职业卫生标准的要求;各工种个体煤尘(总尘)的检测结果(0.1~2.6 mg/m3)和个体煤尘(呼尘)的检测结果(0.03~1.7 mg/m3)均符合国家职业卫生标准的要求;各工种个体噪声的测量结果为(61.8~84.7)d B(A),均符合国家职业卫生标准的要求。结论天津市滨海新区某煤炭码头针对煤尘和噪声采取的职业病防护设施能够达到一定的防护效果,其职业病危害防护现状基本满足国家对职业病防治的要求。
Objective To evaluate whether the current status of occupational hazards in this project meets the requirements of national prevention and treatment of occupational diseases by analyzing the protective effects of occupational hazards and the occupational disease protection facilities in a coal terminal in Binhai New Area of Tianjin and to propose reasonable and feasible countermeasures . Methods Through the self-made questionnaire of occupational health, the production process, raw and auxiliary materials, production equipment, occupational disease protection facilities, personal protective equipment, emergency rescue facilities, occupational health management, occupational health monitoring and other materials were collected and analyzed and evaluated; The types and distribution of occupational hazards, the exposure of workers, and the main occupational hazards that exist in them. The results of occupational hazards analysis in 2014-2016 are analyzed and evaluated. Results The main occupational hazards in this project are coal dust and noise. In the test results, the over-limit times (0.6-4.5) of coal dust (total dust), the over-limit times (2.1-3.7) of coal dust (total dust) (1.4 ~ 3.5) for coal dust (dust), and 0.2 (-2.2) exceeding the limit of coal dust (total dust) in the driving station of B2. It exceeded the requirements of the national occupational health standards. (0.1 ~ 2.6 mg / m3) and individual coal dust (dust) (0.03 ~ 1.7 mg / m3) all met the requirements of the national occupational health standards. The measurement results of the individual noises of various trades were ( 61.8 ~ 84.7) d B (A), all in line with the requirements of the national occupational health standards. Conclusion The occupational disease protection facilities adopted by a coal terminal in Tianjin Binhai New Area for coal dust and noise can achieve certain protective effect. The occupational disease hazard protection status basically meets the national requirements for occupational disease prevention and control.