This study reported that a hapten of imidacloprid, 1-[(6-Carboxylethylthio-3- pyridinyl)methyl]-N -nitro-imidazolidinimine was synthesized using technical material of imidacloprid to react with 3-mercaptopropionic acid in hot alkaline solution.The hapten was conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) to form the immuno-antigens and the coating antigen, respectively. The antibody with high titer (2.56 x 104) was obtained after immuning rabbits. The results showed that the antibody had a high affinity to imidacloprid tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),which IC50 and IC20 were 20.7 and 1.1 μg L-1; and the cross reactibilities to those compounds related with imidacloprid were less than 1.4%.