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试件或工件的残余应力大小和分布状态对其疲劳破坏进程有重要影响,X射线应力测定法是目前已达工业实用阶段的唯一残余应力无损定量检测手段,因而它是研究残余应力如何影响材料的疲劳性能的一种有力工具。随着疲劳破坏过程的发展,材料内各个部位的结构损伤不断累积。X射线衍射图象对晶体材料的结构变化非常敏感,因此X射线衍射技术也是研究材料的疲劳破坏过程的一种有效手段。日本从六十年代以来,以日本材料学会X射线材料强度部门委员会为核心,在利用X射线衍射技术研究疲劳破坏方面开展了大量的工作。
The size and distribution of the residual stress of the specimen or the workpiece have an important influence on the process of fatigue failure. X-ray stress measurement is the only nondestructive and quantitative detection method of residual stress that has reached the industrial practical stage. Therefore, it is to study how the residual stress affects the material A powerful tool for fatigue performance. With the development of fatigue damage process, the structural damage of various parts in the material accumulates continuously. X-ray diffraction images are very sensitive to the structural changes of crystalline materials, so X-ray diffraction is also an effective method to study the fatigue failure process of materials. Since the 1960s, Japan has done a great deal of work on using X-ray diffraction technology to study fatigue failure with the core committee of the X-ray material strength department of the Japan Materials Institute.