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网络的IP化是其发展的趋势，同时又面临着三大挑战：IP骨干网交换速度太慢造成网络瓶颈；IP网络不能提供适合运营要求的服务质量（QoS）；IP网络的可生存性（Survivability）问题。文章对以上三个问题进行了综述，着重阐述了解决挑战的方法与设想，并进一步给出了研究与发展的方向。最后对IP网络的发展与挑战进行了展望。
Network IP is the trend of its development, while facing three major challenges: IP backbone network switching speed is too slow to cause network bottlenecks; IP network can not provide for the operational requirements of Quality of Service (QoS); IP network survivability Survivability problem. The article summarizes the above three questions, and emphatically expounds the methods and ideas to solve the challenges, and further gives the direction of research and development. Finally, the development and challenge of IP network are prospected.