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家庭是微观经济活动的综合体,既有消费的职能,又有储蓄、投资和获取收入的职能。作为消费者,家庭行为的基本目的是效用的最大化,用最少的花费获取最大数量的享乐与满足;作为劳动者,家庭又追求收入最大化,是最少的时间获取最大的报酬;作为投资者,家庭必须考虑如何将扣除消费后的收入剩余用在能生更多钱的地方。家庭可增值收入又是由前期收入水平决定的。除了劳动报酬、资产收入外,家庭总收入的形成,还有一个来源,这就是转移收入,它包括亲友的赠金,父母留下的遗产。
The family is a complex of microeconomic activities that have both the functions of consumption and the functions of saving, investing and earning income. As a consumer, the basic purpose of family behavior is maximizing utility, obtaining the maximum amount of enjoyment and satisfaction with the least cost. As a laborer, the family also pursues income maximization, which is the least time to get the maximum reward. As an investor , The family must consider how to use the surplus after deducting consumption to what it can generate more money. The value-added income of the family is determined by the income level of the previous period. In addition to labor remuneration and asset income, there is another source for the formation of total family income. This is the transfer of income. It includes gifts from relatives and friends and inheritance left by the parents.