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一、故宫学的内涵:故宫学的研究对象是故宫。我们说的“故宫”,一般有两方面含义:一是紫禁城古建筑(故宫),另一是故宫博物院。故宫博物院是以明清两代皇宫(紫禁城)和宫廷旧藏文物为基础建立起来的,以宫廷建筑群、古代艺术品及宫廷文化史迹为主要展示内容的大型综合性国家级博物馆。二者密不可分。 二、故宫学建立的基础:故宫学,是客观存在并已有很好基础的一门学科。80年来的故宫学术研究无疑多属故宫学研究,但尚处于学科发展的自发阶段。一门学科的建立,不仅要有深广的研究领域,还必须有一定的研究成果为基础。这是学科形成、发展的必要过程。故宫博物院成立80年后明确提出故宫学学科建设问题,符合学科发展的规律。故宫研究的材料十分丰富,但以前的研究是在不同领域中进行,故宫学则要求把这些基础研究整合起来,统一起来。这是故宫研究不断深入的必然要求。显然,没有长达80年的故宫研究的实践和成果,就不可能提出故宫学概念,而提出并确立故宫学,将使故宫学研究进入自觉阶段。
First, the content of the Imperial Palace study: the Imperial Palace study of the Forbidden City. We say “Forbidden City”, generally has two meanings: First, the Forbidden City ancient building (Forbidden City), the other is the National Palace Museum. The National Palace Museum is a large-scale comprehensive national museum that is based on the Palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties (Forbidden City) and the old Tibetan relics of the court. It features the palace buildings, ancient artworks and the palace culture. The two are inseparable. Second, the establishment of the Forbidden City Foundation: Imperial Palace, is an objective existence and has a good foundation of a discipline. For more than 80 years, the Forbidden City academic research undoubtedly belongs to the study of the Imperial Palace, but it is still in the spontaneous stage of development of the discipline. The establishment of a discipline, not only has a broad area of research, but also must have some research based. This is the necessary process of discipline formation and development. After the establishment of the National Palace Museum 80 years after the establishment of the National Palace Museum clearly put forward the subject, in line with the law of discipline development. The Forbidden City research materials are very rich, but the previous research is carried out in different fields, Imperial Palace study requires the integration of these basic research, unify. This is an inevitable requirement for further research in the Forbidden City. Obviously, without the practice and achievements of 80 years of Forbidden City Studies, it is impossible to put forward the concept of the Imperial Palace study. However, the proposition and establishment of the Imperial Palace study will make the study of the Imperial Palace study into a conscious phase.